Reparative tendon regeneration influenced by multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell secretome: experimental study

Introduction. Improving treatments for tendon injuries remains a topical issue in biology and medicine. Tendon structure is predisposed to scar formation, with significant regions of dystrophy leading chronic recurrent tendinitis. Stem cell regenerative therapy including mesenchymal stromal secretome among promising improve patient outcomes. Standardized cytokine concentrations can be incorporated into the secretome, which may include both pro- anti-inflammatory cytokines. This article addresses use injury regeneration, poorly studied. Materials methods. The study included 95 white outbred rats (males, weight 120 g), were divided three groups: Group I comparison (n=35), II experimental III control (n=25). Animals Groups anesthetized isoflurane their calcaneal tendons dissected sutured. treated saline solution, whereas received secretome. wounds subsequently One week after manipulation, animals second treatment around tendon. withdrawn from experiment on days 1, 7, 14, 60. We analyzed samples using light microscopy morphometry transmission electron microscopy. Results. Treating (Group II) accompanied by less pronounced inflammation shows no dystrophic changes. collagen bundles regenerate are parallel each other, vasculature being normalized number fibroblasts having slight increase. samples, however, showed inflammation, dystrophy, scarring hypovascularization regenerate. Moreover, total fibroblast count tissue elevated significantly. was slightly thicker than III, while I, thinner III. Conclusion. Mesenchymal greatly contributes healing. Microscopic similar that intact sample, suggesting its functional recovery. Keywords: multipotent cells, cytokines, tendon, trauma, reparative regeneration